High-profile endorsements of Japanese blue chips ignited optimism in Tokyo’s markets last year as the yen depreciated. An expected macro regime shift from deflation to inflation, robust corporate earnings and Japan’s corporate governance reform efforts, such as improved shareholder advocacy, are fueling further optimism in 2024.
The bullishness comes despite Japan’s fall in world rankings—when Germany eclipsed it recently as the world’s third-largest economy—following a surprise technical recession in the third quarter of 2023. Prospects for wage growth also continue to underpin the country’s still-sluggish private consumption and capital spending.
Fortunately, however, economists anticipate Japan’s 2024 wage hikes to be higher than last year’s already encouraging increase of 3.6%—the highest in three decades.1 Japanese union leaders have been amplifying calls for wage hikes to exceed last year’s levels, with Prime Minister Fumio Kishida also urging the need for broader, sustained hikes that rise above inflation.
In late February, the Nikkei 225 also broke its highest level since 1989 (the year Nintendo’s Game Boy was first released), making Japanese stocks some of the best developed market performers thus far this year.2 Market exuberance over artificial intelligence (AI) at a “tipping point” and the sharp depreciation of the Japanese yen has led to even more foreign investors buoying Japan’s stock market.
Aggregate net profits for listed Japanese manufacturers grew more than 20% annualized for the April-to-December period,3 due to price hikes and brisk auto and machinery sales resulting from a solid US economy. In fact, the FTSE Japan RIC Capped Index, up 5.8% year-to-date, has seen its biggest gains from the auto-heavy consumer discretionary sector.4
As investors continue to sour on China, they have shifted investment to other Asian markets. Despite its demographic challenges (which other high-income nations also face), Japan benefits not only from a climate in which corporate profits are continuing to grow but from more diversification than semiconductor-centric markets as Taiwan and South Korea, where the information technology sector respectively comprises 63% and 33% of their benchmarks.5
This is not to say that the reboot to Japan’s semiconductor industry is insignificant. On the contrary, it serves as another reason we feel its markets may be poised for more potential upside. Just as other governments have been emphasizing the need to build up their domestic chip industries, Japanese officials have also pushed to regain leadership in the onshore manufacturing of advanced chips. This month, with backing from heavyweights Sony and Toyota, Taiwan’s biggest chipmaker announced plans to expand its operations in Japan’s southern Kumamoto region, with the goal of having a second new factory operational there before 2028. Japanese government subsidies of about US$4.9 billion6 have been slated for the second factory, and successive large amounts in government support for both factories should benefit not only the industry but employment and the local economy.
In our opinion, these trends may lay the groundwork for Japanese companies to extend a virtuous cycle of pay increases, which may ultimately convince the country’s central bank to depart from its negative interest-rate policy. For investors who are now re-evaluating their global asset allocations, we believe Japan-focused exchange-traded funds are worth considering for a cost-effective approach to addressing underweights to Japan Inc.7
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1. Source: “Results of spring wage negotiation final responses.” JTUC-Rengo. June 30, 2023.
2. Source: Bloomberg, February 22, 2024. The Nikkei 225, or the Nikkei Stock Average, more commonly called the Nikkei or the Nikkei index, is a stock market index for the Tokyo Stock Exchange. Past performance is not an indicator or a guarantee of future performance. Indexes are unmanaged and one cannot invest directly in an index. Important data provider notices and terms available at www.franklintempletondatasources.com.
3. Source: “Japan manufacturers’ profits rise 20% on strong U.S. showing.” NikkeiAsia, February 12, 2024.
4. Source: Bloomberg, February 22, 2024. The FTSE Japan RIC Capped Index represents the performance of Japanese large- and mid-capitalization stocks. Securities are weighted based on their free float-adjusted market capitalization and reviewed semiannually. Past performance is not an indicator or a guarantee of future performance. Indexes are unmanaged and one cannot invest directly in an index. Important data provider notices and terms available at www.franklintempletondatasources.com.
5. Source: Bloomberg, February 22, 2024. The FTSE Taiwan RIC Capped Index and FTSE South Korea RIC Capped Index represent the performance of their respective country’s large- and mid-capitalization stocks. Securities are weighted based on their free float-adjusted market capitalization and reviewed semiannually.
6. Source: “Japan prepares $4.9bn in funds for TSMC’s 2nd Kumamoto chip plant.” NikkeiAsia. February 23, 2024.
7. Japan Inc. is the country’s modern, highly centralized economic system and development strategy of export-led growth.
