Value stocks were strong in late 2024, and we think this strength has staying power. Economic growth looks likely to remain solid, inflation has retreated and central banks are cutting interest rates, while booming spending on artificial intelligence and infrastructure continues. But we also see risk and uncertainty rising with a shifting global political and policy landscape, possible trade conflicts and the ongoing fog of war in Europe and the Middle East.
As value investors, we believe that, given the still robust macroeconomic environment, any market dislocations this uncertainty produces can create opportunities for patient stock- pickers focused on valuation.
Finding value in growth and risk
With mainstream focus on a handful of high-flying US technology and communication services stocks over the past few years, our research tells us that equity market valuations appear rich. To us, this warrants a deeper focus on valuation and business fundamentals against a supportive global backdrop for economic growth.
In the United States, signs point to a healthy economy, strong labor market, moderating inflation and the resulting potential for further interest rate cuts. In its World Economic Outlook, the International Monetary Fund sees US economic growth of 2.2% next year.1 We expect this steady rate of growth, supported by consumer and business spending, to create a solid foundation for economically sensitive value stock performance.
Better value opportunities may be present outside the United States, however. International value stock valuations have trailed those in the United States. (See Exhibit 1.) While some may argue this discrepancy is a result of more sluggish economies, we believe anything that makes non-US markets more appealing for investment can narrow this yawning gap.
Exhibit 1: Mind the Gap: International Stock Valuations Trail Their US Counterparts
Europe could get a shot in the arm over the next few years should policymakers embrace the changes former European Central Bank President Mario Draghi laid out in his plan to improve European competitiveness and growth potential. Furthermore, we think structural changes to streamline the fragmented, overcapitalized eurozone banking system may further boost economic activity as banks strive to regain profitability.
In Japan, the situation is different. Both price and wage inflation have finally returned, and the Bank of Japan is positioned to slowly lift interest rates over the next few years as improving wages lead to greater spending and more robust economic activity.
This supportive global economic backdrop coexists with a layer of uncertainty. The incoming US administration has raised the prospect of levying tariffs on all its trading partners. US inflation, which has fallen from its peak, may rise again, as companies attempt to pass along higher import costs to consumers already coping with more expensive goods.
The ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East also come with risks to energy markets and shipping channels, which may affect supply chains and potentially reignite inflationary pressures. Meanwhile, tensions between China and Taiwan also continue to simmer.
Embracing corporate change that delivers shareholder value
Structural corporate changes in Europe and Japan can also further lift value stocks. European companies are buying back their shares more aggressively. And when coupled with the larger more stable dividends, they pay out much more than their US counterparts.
Japanese companies, too, are slowly embracing change. The Tokyo Stock Exchange is encouraging companies to improve their book values and reduce their costs of capital to make the country more investable. Companies are also unwinding cross-shareholdings— if they use the proceeds to buy back shares, it can help make them more appealing to overseas value investors.
Meanwhile, corporate and government spending on facilities to support growth in artificial intelligence and on building out infrastructure continues. In the United States, we have seen a marked increase in manufacturing construction spending, as shown in Exhibit 2, over the past couple of years. Value companies are instrumental to this spending. They are crucial to the construction of chip foundries and data centers and to the electrical grid fortification and necessary HVAC systems to power, heat and cool them. And they build and upgrade the roads and bridges that tie regional transport together.
Exhibit 2: A Surge in US Infrastructure Spending
Smaller companies offer big potential
We think small-cap value stocks in the United States also have room to run. In general, the fortunes of smaller companies tend to be more closely tied to the domestic economy than their larger counterparts. And with more debt, lower rates may improve their balance sheets and provide more flexibility.
That said, we believe active stock selection will be key among smaller-capitalization stocks. Based on our analysis, companies with the least debt tend to have faster earnings growth, meaning higher quality companies can create value for shareholders more quickly than their lower quality counterparts, as shown in Exhibit 3. With small-cap valuations lower than those of large and mega-cap companies, investors can find attractively valued, quality small-cap companies with good earnings growth potential.
Exhibit 3: Lower Debt Can Support Faster Value Creation in Small Caps
Channeling duality to uncover value
We see ample opportunities for successful value investing in 2025. Both the positive impulse from global economic growth and corporate changes in Europe and Japan and potential disruptions geopolitics may cause can create openings to find mispriced stocks around the world and across the market cap spectrum. Success will hinge on careful stock selection and understanding the catalysts that can unlock value for investors. Embrace the market’s duality to uncover value.
WHAT ARE THE RISKS?
All investments involve risks, including possible loss of principal.
Equity securities are subject to price fluctuation and possible loss of principal.
International investments are subject to special risks, including currency fluctuations and social, economic and political uncertainties, which could increase volatility. These risks are magnified in emerging markets.
Value securities may not increase in price as anticipated or may decline further in value. Growth or value as an investment style may become out of favor, which may have a negative impact on performance.
Active management does not ensure gains or protect against market declines.
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1, As of October 25, 2024. There is no assurance that any estimate, forecast or projection will be realized.
